Tom Douce, Andreas Eckstein, Stephen P. Walborn, Antonio Z. Khoury, Sara Ducci, Arne Keller, Thomas Coudreau, Pérola Milman
We show that a simple modification in the well-known Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) experiment provides the direct measurement the Wigner function of the biphoton state generated in parametric down conversion. In this approach, a negative value of the Wigner function is a sufficient condition for non-gaussian entanglement in the two photon system. In the general case, the Wigner function provides all the required information to infer entanglement using well known necessary and sufficient criteria. We analyze our results using two examples of parametric down conversion processes taken from recent experiments. The present work offers a new vision of the HOM experiment that further develops its possibilities to realize fundamental tests of quantum mechanics involving decoherence and entanglement using simple optical set-ups.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.7092
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