Matthias D. Lang, Carlton M. Caves
We consider an interferometer powered by laser light (a coherent state) into one input port and ask the following question: What is the best state to inject into the second input port, given a constraint on the mean number of photons this state can carry, in order to optimize the interferometer's phase sensitivity? This question is the practical question for high-sensitivity interferometry. We answer the question by considering the quantum Cram{\'e}r-Rao bound for such a setup. The answer is squeezed vacuum.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1306.2677
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