Timoteo Colnaghi, Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano, Paolo Perinotti, Stefano Facchini
A new model of quantum computation is considered, in which the connections between gates are programmed by the state of a quantum register. This new model of computation is shown to be more powerful than the usual quantum computation, e. g. in achieving the programmability of permutations of N different unitary channels with 1 use instead of N uses per channel. For this task, a new elemental resource is needed, the "quantum switch", which can be programmed to switch the order of two channels with a single use of each one.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.5987
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