T. P. Simula, T. C. Petersen, D. M. Paganin
We propose a nonlinear atom-optics experiment to create diffraction catastrophes threaded by quantized vortex skeletons in Bose--Einstein condensed matter waves. We show how atom-optical aberrations induced in trapped Bose--Einstein condensates evolve into specific caustic structures due to imperfect focusing. Vortex skeletons, whose cross-sections are staggered vortex lattices, are observed to nucleate inside the universal diffraction catastrophes. Our observations shed further light on the structure and dynamics of Bose-novae and suggest new kinds of flux lattices for cold atoms.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.6413
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