Junghee Ryu, James Lim, Jinhyoung Lee
We propose a quasiprobability function, which is operationally defined and commensurate with experimental circumstance in the sense that its functionals exactly coincide with what they are supposed to represent. This enables to directly compare quantum statistics to those of a local hidden variable model with noninvasive measurability imposed on, called a classical model. We prove that the commensurate quasiprobability admits negative value(s) for a quantum state, whereas it is nonnegative for the classical model, being a legitimate probability function. It is remarkable that "nonclassicality" of a given quantum state is operationally determined. In addition we derive a sufficient condition for the entanglement of qudits in terms of a marginal quasiprobability of spatial correlations.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6986
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